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making art technological sources accessible

The Montpellier Manuscript

A 14th century painter's manual

The anonymous Montpellier "Liber diversarum arcium" or "Book on various arts" is the most substantial and comprehensive of mediaeval painters' technical recipe books to survive. It summarises the state-of-the art in the European workshops c.1400. In particular it shows how advanced oil painting was in the period immediately preceding van Eyck.

Mark Clarke is currently completing an edition, translation and commentary.


The LDA is exceptional in the completeness of the range of painting techniques explained: illuminating manuscripts, painting on wood (panels and polychrome sculpture), murals, glass-painting, and painting on ceramics. It includes the making of materials for picture frames and micro-architecture (manufacture, colouring and application of metal leaf, dying textiles, skins and wood, and making artificial gems).

It includes numerous instructions for procedures suspected but never documented. It reveals many otherwise undivulged technical details and procedures. Existing written recipes were also included, but re-worked, clarified, and updated to fit changes in practice, and supplemented by alternatives. Over half of the 469 recipes are found only in this manuscript, offering a unique insight into workshop practices. The forthcoming book (expected 2010) will demonstrate how this complex text was crafted in to a practical painters' workshop manual.


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Last updated 15 October 2009       Mark Clarke       http://www.clericus.org/LDA.htm